Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Utopia Could Happen Tomorrow Essay - 526 Words

Imagine for a second a place where color does not exist. Imagine a place where everyone lives in a house. Imagine a place where everyone one has a job and violence does not exist. Imagine a place where everything seems; familiar, homely, and secure. How far away do you think that place is from your communities today? Every single day, in every single country there are people who cannot afford and do not get simple basic necessities. No matter the weather, freezing rain or blazing sun, there was a lady, by the store, who I would pass every Sunday on my way to church. Every Sunday I saw her she would ask the same question. â€Å"Do you have any change to spare?† would she have been anywhere else how much more she would have received. The†¦show more content†¦How many People are in need in Africa? How many People are in need in Asia? How many People are in need in South America? How many people do you and I walk pass homeless in the street in need? Why it is that there are people who have it all and people who have nothing at all? How can someone with so much rest know that there is someone with so little? I’ve read a book about a Utopia, an ideal society, world without conflict, poverty, unemployment, divorce, injustice (crime), or inequality. In a time in which family values are absolute, teenage rebellion is unheard of, and good manners are a way of life. And it got me thinking about how far out country, how far planet earth, is from any type of utopia.1.4 billion People live at the poverty line or below in the US out of the 308,131,242 people in the U.S. for every 2.2 billion children in the world ,1 billion (every second child ) in live in poverty. What can you do? Start by taking a look at your environment and evaluate what could be improved. Even if you spend an afternoon per week mentoring or tutoring a child or working in a shelter then you are making a change in the lives of other people. When you consider it, it is an astonishing and incredible thing, and serves as a building block that can give those people the opportunity to do the same. The main thing to do is to identify YOUR concern, which can be hard given the wide-ranging state of problems in the world, and see what you can doShow MoreRelatedBrave New World vs 1984757 Words   |  4 Pagesbased on plausible premises, the Utopia depicted in Brave New World still has a chance of appearing today, while the Big Brother-dominated society created by Orwell, being based to some extent on the totalitarian societies that existed at the time of the book s inception, is simply obsolete. Brave New World remains more believable in modern times because the events that led up to the creation of Huxley s Utopia have the greater chance of occurring tomorrow. In both novels, the birth of theRead More Brave New World: Utopia Without Shakespeare?1124 Words   |  5 Pages Brave New World:nbsp; Utopia Without Shakespeare?nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The Utopia of the future- something every human seemingly wants, but is it worth it to throw away everything for happiness and live in a world where only a few people can recall a man named Shakespeare? In Aldous Huxleys satirical novel, Brave New World, this cellophaned world, polished and regulated to perfection, is a reality. In this Utopia, people like Bernard Marx, an intelligent and adverse Alpha, the highestRead MoreBritish Craftsmanship Regarding the World of Theater620 Words   |  3 Pagessummer rain, to see her little, gorgeous daughter do what she could never achieve. She wanted me to perform just one play in a theater, it didnt matter to her, how short it would be provided I get there. At the tender age of seven, she began to teach me basics of the theater world. I have to admit this was one of the hardest things I ever did in my life, at my unwilling points she would soothe me by saying, â€Å"pain today, champion tomorrow†. She was supportive and made me realiz e that this, too wasRead More Totalitarianism in Brave New World Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pagesincentive to buy a car. The Brave New World’s political system is similar to communism. In the communism system, leaders attempt to try and control everyone and their way of thinking. The Brave New World portrays the perfect society, where citizens of â€Å"Utopia† live a life without depression, and any socioeconomic problems. In the New World, every portion of life is controlled. Only when a person is able to dig deeper inside of himself will he find that this world is nothing close to perfect. Drugs, sexRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1442 Words   |  6 Pagesgroup of civilized children having fun to savages killing each other for sport, and eventually all these events culminate in their rescue. Golding uses symbolism in this novel to communicate two main ideas: That humans are born flawed and that no utopia can come from the society or government founded by these flawed individuals, and that the true evil in society is in fact society itself – relating to the quote from Shakespeare. - The symbols Golding used to communicate this are Ralph, Jack, andRead MoreBrave New World by Aldous Huxley760 Words   |  3 PagesBrave New World E ssay True freedom is the ability for each person to live as they desire; such a place is described as a utopia. Unfortunately in the dystopian novel, Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, the novel portrays a completely controlled society that has absolutely no freedom. Although you do have the few dissatisfied individuals who set out for a form of change. These individuals represent the optimistic part of the novel, despite conditioning, drugs and biological engineering; the humanRead MoreEssay On The Town Man2023 Words   |  9 Pagesthe horizon with a sweep of his hand, then turned into the wind. There is where Eden will be! Again he turned, stepping on a log. There will be, Excelsior! When should we start? an engineer asked. I want you to go ahead right away. Start tomorrow. No, start today. Tell the bulldozer crews to spread out across this entire area. I want you surveyors to check the work of the bulldozers, making sure they dont tear down anything they can avoid disturbing. I would prefer to keep the ecologicalRead MoreLangston Hughes And I Hear America Singing By Walt Whitman940 Words   |  4 Pagesmelodious songs.† (l. 18) . His tone is clearly happy and joyful, and while it is quite obvious that his voice is merry, it’s also laced with ignorance toward the real situation of everyone struggling with their work, old and young, man or woman. His own utopia causes him to see America for what it isn’t, while Hughes understands the struggle of everyday Americans, even not being considered one himself. Furthermore, it allows him to think about what can change in America in the future. The futuristic visionsRead MorePragmatism And Truth : The Pragmatist View Of Truth1530 Words   |  7 Pageswhereas false ideas cannot. So an individual who believes the sky is blue can test his or her theory by asking others for a consensus opinion, which may or may not happen. Once this is achieved, a true idea is born that the sky is blue based on the fact that most people agreed that it was. James elaborates on this point when he says, â€Å"Truth happens to an idea. It becomes true, is made true by events. Its verity is in fact an event, a process: the process namely of its verifying itself, its veri-fication ¬Read MoreShort Story6989 Words   |  28 Pagesits many exits. Knowing no crowd, or nowhere outside Utopia was to be trusted, the aide did his utmost to protect Lawrences safety and his own. He found a room granting an easy escape should they be made to flee at a moments notice. Lawrence took his place behind a podium that strained beneath the weight of a mound of mic rophones. The room became excited with flashbulbs the moment he became visible. A race began among cameramen over who could become a greater nuisance while searching for the perfect

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

The Automobile and the Economy Essay - 1021 Words

The Automobile and the Economy The effects the automobile has had on the economy of the world are tremendous. The major effects have came in many ways and include sales of the automobile, jobs provided to sell and manufacture the automobile, gas/oil sales to run the automobile, and the start of auto racing sport. The revolution of the automobile was the start of the most popular and successful industry in the world. The Effect of Gas/Oil There is a great effect on the economy due to the sale of gas. The major effect of how much gas is sold is how efficient the particular automobile uses gas and what automobile the people choose to buy. Since the start of production of the automobile fuel efficiency has†¦show more content†¦The current Fuel Economy Standards are as follows... ..................Model Year..................Passengercars M.P.G......... 1978 18.0 1979 19.0 1980 20.0 1981 22.0 1982 24.0 1983 26.0 1984 27.0 1985 and future 27.5 (http//www.cnie.org/nle/air-10.html#summ 4) The only problem with this chart is the lack of increase after 1985. This is due to several reasons especially the 90’s new kick with sport utilities vehicles which usually have a lower fuel efficiency. Americans are also behind the rest of the world in fuel efficiency as the following chart shows new car fleet fuel economy comparing federal standards, domestic fleet, import fleet, and the total fleet. (http//www.cnie.org/nle/air-10.html#summ 5) Some disagree that government regulations increase fuel efficiency. For example, Michael Sykuta’s report concluded that federal fuel regulations do not have a significant effect on miles per gallons in automobiles. ProductionShow MoreRelatedThe Economy Of The Automobile Industry1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn our economy today we face major issues dealing with manufacturing with how do we build or retain the capacity and competitive edge in the global market? Well manufactured is measured in a number of ways, such as statistics and analyses. These metrics range from the amount and type of goods produced, to a detailed breakdown of the people who contribute to this production, to the economic impact of both. But knowing the market is tough using lean manufacturing techniques as a tool any company canRead MoreEssay on Fuel Economy in American Automobiles1379 Words   |  6 PagesFuel efficiency in automobiles has become a topic of much discussion in recent years in the United States. This is due largely to the environmental devastation that fuel emissions cau se, but it is also sparked by the rising fuel costs. Making cars with high fuel efficiency not only saves consumers money, but also will drastically reduce the pollution that is caused by emissions. Today automakers are putting a tremendous amount of effort into making their cars more fuel efficient, both to meet governmentRead MoreA Brief Note On Economy And Environment Of The Automobile1935 Words   |  8 PagesThe Econonmental (Economy Environment) Analysis of the Automobile If someone were to ask you â€Å"when you step outside what are some of the things you see? your response 9.9 times out of 10 will likely mention a car which is normal in today’s world. As of the 20th century, automobiles have shaped the world from collectors’ items, to racing, and the most common: transportation. As some of the older generations may recall cars weren t always the norm. In fact according to ausbcomp (a website on history)Read MoreThe Automobile Industry Influenced The American Economy1012 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1769, the first automobile, a steam-powered carriage that would carry up to four people at two miles per hour, was created. Years pass as gasoline engines, wheels, and a steering device were added to the automobile, which began to make it useful but expensive (â€Å"The Invention of Automobiles†). They were hand-crafted at this time, therefore making it unaffordable. Until Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in 1913, automobiles rem ained expensive. His discovery of the assembly line turned theRead MoreIncreasing Economy With Growing Potential Automobiles Demand2006 Words   |  9 PagesThe continuously increasing economy with growing potential automobiles demand has made more attention be paid to China, while the other parts of the world seems to remain stagnant (Holweg et al., 2009). The Reportlinker website (2014) suggest that, two main reasons, growing replacement demand and rising affordability in lower-tier cities, might support the growing sales of auto vehicles in China. Luxury autos industry is expected to continue to contribute to economic growth in China. Middle classRead MoreImpact Of The Automobile Industry On The Economy Due The Industry s Cyclicality And The Multiplier Effect1549 Words   |  7 PagesThe automobile industry plays an outsized role in the economy due the industry’s cyclicality and the multiplier effect. For instance, a gearbox is purchased from a supplier that has to emplo y labor, purchase raw materials such as, copper, steel, wire, and other related components and services to support the activity. All of these parts are in turn purchased from other suppliers with costs to support their businesses. Therefore, as each supplier purchases components and services that they need, anRead MoreCalfee And CAFE Standards827 Words   |  4 PagesCAFE is an acronym for Corporate Average Fuel Economy. As stated in, â€Å"Will Corporate Average Fuel Economy Help,† CAFÉ standards became prevalent by Congress in 1975 after the oil crisis of the 1970’s. These standards were proposed in order to help the United States depend less on foreign oil (Sen et al. 2017, p. 279). The idea of CAFÉ standards does not only help us rely less on foreign oil, but it also reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Below general information about CAFÉ and the CAFÉ standardsRead MoreEconomic Overview In Auto Industry Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pagesmassive implica tions relating to the United States economy as well as affecting every American household. Shifts in the supply and demand of automobiles influence the current and future household purchases. Households must determine what amount of their hard-earned income to allocate to certain necessities. Because most households have a budget, the amount spent on transportation it limited. While most industries have an effect on the economy, the automotive industry has far-reaching implicationsRead MoreProtectionism Is An Extremely Debatable Topic Among International Trade Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesHundreds of automobile companies exist today. Many companies are successful and are now well known brands around the world, while some have failed to keep a good reputation, lost all customers and have fallen and are now forgotten. This is the beauty of competition, an essential to economies. Millions of vehicles are in motion daily, in the United States. In 2015, about 7.8 million cars were purchased in America, and there are about 355 million registered cars on the road (â€Å"U.S.†). The automobile industryRead MoreImpact Of The Auto Industry On American Culture894 Words   |  4 PagesThe auto industry has been around long before I was born. Automobiles have become a necessity in American culture. â€Å"With the invention of the automobile and the mass production techniques of Henry Ford, which made the machine affordable, the American economy has been transformed by this key element in its prosperity.† (Davis, 2014) Being able to transport quickly from one destination to another is a great convenience. Almost every working family living in the United States owns at least one vehicle

Monday, December 9, 2019

College personal statement common application free essay sample

I hear the loud yells coming from my dads voice. I see the tears rolling down my step moms face as she screams and begs Let go of Mel Please just let go! I would never forget that day. That day, were I held my one year old sister beside me, tears down her face, as I watched this b eating that was being done with the hands of this man, who I was suppose to call dad. These days w ere pretty normal for me as a child. From watching my dad and stepson argue, to seeing a bal NT being made right in front of me.The room was thick with smoke, the strong smell of weed ,smelled as if a skunk released fumes in the air, my dads eyes were bloodshot red as If he Just had woken u p. My dad showed no fear, nor was unashamed of everything that was being revealed to me, In f iron of my very own eyes. We will write a custom essay sample on College personal statement : common application or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Little did he know how much it would effect me as I grew up. While growing up I never really had a close relationship with my dad. In fact, I didnt r ally have a lose relationship with anyone other than my mom. F you werent my mom, I didnt true SST you. I didnt want to have anything to do with you Just because I felt that If I let you Inside my life, that you would hurt me Just like my dad had done to my stepson. L had a broken heart so therefore I became cold towards those around. I had stayed with my mom most of the time,so once she got m realer we moved to Southern California, leaving the relationship between my dad and l, more torn pap art than before.I would always go visit my dad, and his family every time I had school break. The relate ions I had with my dad when I went to visit, was as if he was some family friend of mine. did dent really know him. L would always be quiet around him.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Separate Peace Essays (1862 words) - Phillips Exeter Academy

Separate Peace In A Separate Peace by John Knowels, the value of dealing with your feelings and dealing with your enemies is shown by Gene Forester, a student in Devon during World War 2 dealing with few human enemies, but his emotions create a circumstance far greater than any human enemy. "I never killed anybody," Gene had commented later in his adulthood, "And I never developed an intense level of hatred for the enemy Gene had put many enemies into his own life. Gene had a best friend, his name was Finny, they were roommates and did many activities together. Finny was never the source, but the core of most of Gene's feelings, both good and bad. First, one of the biggest problems that Gene had, that is jealousy. Gene was jealous of Finny's confidency, openness, modesty, superb athletic abilities, his natural leadership skills, his ability to deal with stress easily, his care free attitude, his people skills and, of course, his good looks. Early in the story Finny demonstrated his openness by when asked for his height, he said 5 foot, 8? inches, while Gene replies 5 foot, 9 inches. Finny pointed out that they were the same height and you shouldn't be ashamed to tell anybody your real height. Later that day, they skip dinner to go swimming in the river, by Finny's choice, and are asked where they were on return. Finny quickly replied that they were swimming in the river, something that is forbidden, right down to the last detail, and they got away with it. Gene said that the rules are very bent during the summer session, but it was actually Finny's people skills that had kept them out of trouble. Finny was very bold, as Gene many a time wished he was, on one occasion Finny wore a bright pink shirt "symbolizing the first U.S. bombing in Europe. Gene called him a "faerie" but really envied him. Later Finny wore the school tie as a belt and when questioned he claimed that it represented "Devon in the war." Gene was hopeingly awaiting a scolding for Finny, but again, he got in no trouble. Another day the two were walking and came across a plaque near the pool claiming that A. Hopkins Parker held the record for swimming across the pool the fastest, Finny took one look at and thought he could beat it, so without any practice at all he plunged into the pool, Gene timed him and he beat it, just like that. Gene wanted to get an official scorekeeper so Finny could get a plaque but Finny said "no, in my head I know that I did it, that's all that matters," thus demonstrating that Finny is very modest and secure. The next day Gene and Finny went to the beach, which wasn't allowed. This was done at Finny's request, Gene was going to study for a test, but he felt that he can't say no to Finny so hey went. At the beach Gene noticed a lot of people looking at them, he knew they were looking at Finny because of his well built body and his golden tan but Finny said that they were looking at Gene. Before they return, Finny calls Gene his "best pal" and Gene wanted to reply, but he wasn't sure about it himself and he also has a hard time expressing his true feelings. Another problem I could detect in Gene, was his anger. Gene was angry about Finny's ability not to get in trouble, and Gene's unwillingness to say "no" to Finny, but the real war started when he got the idea that because Finny has low grades, he wanted to lower Gene's grades as well so he will better than Gene. Gene believed that Finny was trying to wreak his studies with games, an organization they had formed-the Secret Suicide Society, going to the beach and all this "you're my best friend stuff." Other than that, there is little anger between Finny and Gene. One day, Finny wanted Gene to come jump off a high limb into the river with him, as they have been doing for several weeks now, and he claimed that Leper, the school nerd, would be jumping today as well. Gene burst out angrily at the idea because he was studying, and thought Finny was trying to wreak his studies, so he said no. Finny took no offense and went along like nothing happened, but Gene couldn't stand saying no to Finny and went

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Free Essays on A Wizard of Earthsea

Gont lies in the North Reach of Archipelago. Ged lives on Gont; he became a famous man, but this tale is about the days before the songs about him were made. He was born as Duny in a small village and he was raised by his aunt who was a witch. She taught him the first lessons in magic. The boy learnt to listen to birds etc. This is the time when he gets his nickname Sparrowhawk. Some years later, the Kargad Empire attacked and Duny saved the village he lived in by creating a fog. This deed interested Ogion, the wizard of Gont. On his 13th birthday, Ogion names him Ged. After that, Ged goes with Ogion to learn magic. But Ogion's way of teaching things disappoints Ged, because Ogion doesn't teach him 'real magic', but he teaches him mostly things about the power of herbs. To hear, one must be silent. When Sparrowhawk goes searching for herbs, he meets a girl who asks him things he hasn't learnt yet, but Sparrowhawk says he can do it. Therefore, he goes to Ogion's books, but Ogion sees him. Since Sparrowhawk says he wants to learn things, Ogion offers to send him to Roke. Sparrowhawk goes with a boat, but the boat gets caught in a storm. The 'captain' wants to go to another island, but Ged says he sees a light on Roke. The others see nothing, but since he came with Ogion they believe him. And indeed they reach Roke. Ged goes to the school for wizards. To enter, he must say his name ( a man never says his name ), but Ged does so and he can enter. He goes to the Archmage and reads Ogion's letter to him. Later, Ged meets some other students: Jasper and Vetch. He likes Vetch, but he dislikes Jasper. At the school, Ged learns many things, but his antipathy against Jasper remains. He learns that in order to really change a thing, you have to know its real name ( its name in the Old Speech). Everything has its own name; when you know that name, you have power over it. Changing things is a dangerous matter, because you can disturb the Equi... Free Essays on A Wizard of Earthsea Free Essays on A Wizard of Earthsea Gont lies in the North Reach of Archipelago. Ged lives on Gont; he became a famous man, but this tale is about the days before the songs about him were made. He was born as Duny in a small village and he was raised by his aunt who was a witch. She taught him the first lessons in magic. The boy learnt to listen to birds etc. This is the time when he gets his nickname Sparrowhawk. Some years later, the Kargad Empire attacked and Duny saved the village he lived in by creating a fog. This deed interested Ogion, the wizard of Gont. On his 13th birthday, Ogion names him Ged. After that, Ged goes with Ogion to learn magic. But Ogion's way of teaching things disappoints Ged, because Ogion doesn't teach him 'real magic', but he teaches him mostly things about the power of herbs. To hear, one must be silent. When Sparrowhawk goes searching for herbs, he meets a girl who asks him things he hasn't learnt yet, but Sparrowhawk says he can do it. Therefore, he goes to Ogion's books, but Ogion sees him. Since Sparrowhawk says he wants to learn things, Ogion offers to send him to Roke. Sparrowhawk goes with a boat, but the boat gets caught in a storm. The 'captain' wants to go to another island, but Ged says he sees a light on Roke. The others see nothing, but since he came with Ogion they believe him. And indeed they reach Roke. Ged goes to the school for wizards. To enter, he must say his name ( a man never says his name ), but Ged does so and he can enter. He goes to the Archmage and reads Ogion's letter to him. Later, Ged meets some other students: Jasper and Vetch. He likes Vetch, but he dislikes Jasper. At the school, Ged learns many things, but his antipathy against Jasper remains. He learns that in order to really change a thing, you have to know its real name ( its name in the Old Speech). Everything has its own name; when you know that name, you have power over it. Changing things is a dangerous matter, because you can disturb the Equi...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

IEP Math Goals for Pre-school

IEP Math Goals for Pre-school The preschool standards aligned to the Common Core State Standards don’t take up geometry or operations- those are held over for Kindergarten.  At this point, the object is to build number sense.  The counting and cardinality skills focus on â€Å"how many.†Ã‚  These focus on â€Å"how much† as in volume and as well as â€Å"how big, or small, or tall, or short, or other attributes of plane figures, as well as volume.  Still, by pairing geometric shapes with colors and size, you will begin to build skills.   When writing IEP Goals for functions and algebra, you will focus on the attributes of shapes for sorting.  This early skill will help students build other skills in sorting, categorizing and finally in geometry.   Of course, to successfully sort for color, shape, and size, it is important to have the shapes in different sizes.  Many math programs come with the same size shapes- look for an older set (wooden) which are generally smaller than the plastic geometric shapes.   2.PK.1 Sort objects by similar attributes (e.g., size, shape, and color).2.PK.3 Compare sets of objects. Determine which set has more or less. The first and third standards could be combined in a single goal because they call on students to sort and compare, skills that require students to assign certain attributes and order items.  The sorting activities are great for young children who have not yet developed language, as they begin to notice the color, shape or size of the things that they sort. Goal:   By annual review date SAMMY STUDENT will sort and compare colored geometric shapes by color, size, and shape, correctly sorting 18 of 20 (90%) in three consecutive trials as instituted by the special education teacher and teaching staff. This would have four benchmarks: Objective 1:  By the end of the first semester of the ______ year, SAMMY STUDENT will sort geometric shapes by color with 80% accuracy as measured by the special education teacher and teaching staff.Objective 2:  By the end of the third quarter of the ____ year, SAMMY STUDENT will sort geometric shapes by shape with 80% accuracy as measured by the special education teacher and teaching staff.Objective 3:  By the end of the second semester of the ______ year, SAMMY STUDENT will sort geometric shapes by size with 80% accuracy as measured by the special education teacher and teaching staff.Objective 4:  By annual review date, SAMMY STUDENTS will sort geometric shapes and compare groups for more or less, with 90% accuracy as measured by the special education teacher and teaching staff.   Instructional Strategy: To begin students sorting, start with two:  two colors, two sizes, two shapes.  Once the students have mastered two, you can move them on to three.   When you begin with colors, use plates of the same color.  Over time they will know that orange is orange.   When you move on to shape names, be sure you talk about the characteristics of the shape:  a square has four sides and four square angles (or corners.  Some Math curricula talk about â€Å"corners† before they introduce â€Å"angles.†)  Triangles have three sides, etc.  When students are sorting, they are at the very first level.  In early intervention, pre-kindergarten you focus is going to be on building vocabulary, not the ability to name all the attributes of plane figures. Once you are started to expand the student’s repertoire, you need to introduce two attributes, as well as comparing small sets for â€Å"more† or â€Å"less.† Patterns The rule for patterns is they have to reappear three times to be a pattern.  The geometric shapes above, beads or counters of any kind can be used to demonstrate and then replicate patterns.  This is an activity that you can create with pattern cards that the students can replicate, first on the card with a template for placing the shapes, and then just a card with the shapes.  These can also be purchased   2.PK.2 Recognize and replicate simple patterns (e.g., ABAB.) Goal:  Ã‚  By annual review date, when presented with a pattern with three repeats, PENNY PUPIL will accurately replicate the pattern in 9 out of 10 trials. Objective 1:  By the first semester of the _______ school year, PENNY PUPIL will replicate bead patterns (A,B,A,B,A,B)  as represented in a picture presentation on a template, 8 of 10 probes as implemented by the special education teacher and teaching staff.Objective 2:  By annual review date, PENNY PUPIL will replicate a bead pattern from a picture, extending A,B to A,B,A,B,A,B, 8 of 10 proves as implemented by the special education teacher and the teaching staff.    Instructional Strategy:   Begin modeling patterns with blocks on a table.  Place the pattern, ask the student to name the pattern (color) and then have them replicate the pattern in a row closer to them.Introduce the pattern cards with the colored blocks (beads) pictured, and places to place each block below (a model template.)Once the student is able to replicate the card, have them replicate cards without a template.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

ISMG 3000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

ISMG 3000 - Essay Example The strategic objective of this project is therefore to create dynamic business application portfolio, create a solid foundation for organizational portfolio governance that work in supporting each business process, and stimulate a strong understanding amongst the application effects and subsequent desired organizational goals. The proposed system will be essential in providing organizational decision makers with a basis for decision on issues relating to current portfolio and IT related needs in specific areas of business system functionality, related cost, system quality and overall benefit to the business. Proposed IT Strategic Objective: The new Information Services will enable MDCM’s business objective of creating a dynamic business of absolute commitment to delivering quality parts and assemblies on time by establishing strong IT foundation that continuously transform employees’ performance and creating a platform that guarantees customer efficiency and business operations that continuously builds on the realms of Horizon 2000. Within the organizational analysis, important application issues are of primary significance to this portfolio process and identified into; financial system with diverse legacy systems in financial reporting and handling, human resource administration system, sales and marketing, material planning, logistic, duty and irregular custom inspection, e-mail and communication, networking and interconnectivity and organizational database. An application portfolio process designed to determine continuously solutions to the identified issues. Within this respect, possible application portfolio projects include; designing and implementing ERP, creation of a company intranet, consolidating data centers and networks, standardization of the server hardware, improving group support systems, creation of a

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Hamlet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hamlet - Essay Example Hamlet is very upset because of his father’s sudden death and his mother’s marriage with Claudius and this soliloquy is representative of the fact. Hamlet has used a number of metaphors, similes, references to mythology and expressive speech in his first soliloquy. This paper will analyze Hamlet’s first soliloquy in terms of his spoken words and his expressions. Hamlet’s starts with analyzing the worth of human life in this world and also thinks about suicide as he says, â€Å"O, that this too too solid flesh would melt Thaw and resolve itself into a dew! Or that the Everlasting had not fix'd His canon 'gainst self-slaughter! O God! God!† (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 131-134) These lines indicate that human existence is nothing more than a drop of dew and one day will come when every human being has to die and his body will be a part of the sand. Hamlet here says that death is inevitable and will come to everyone. He also talks about suicide and the restri ction towards committing suicide. Here Hamlet considers his deep wish to commit suicide because of the calamities in which, he is trapped but he is restricted because of his religious obligations. For Hamlet, everything of this world is without any benefit as he says, â€Å"How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable, Seem to me all the uses of this world!† (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 135-136) For Hamlet, there is no attraction left in this world for him. He is so sad and dejected that the world as a whole appears useless to him. He compares the world with an â€Å"unweeded garden† and says that the world enables every â€Å"gross† and â€Å"rank† things to grow, which are all corrupted and rotten. After expressing about the world, Hamlet at once comes towards the reason of his remorsefulness as he states that his father who was an excellent king and a loving husband died less than two months ago. Hamlet compares his father to the mythological character of Hyperion , who is a Greek god. After appreciating his father and showing his excessive love for his father, Hamlet exclaims remorse on his mother’s hasty marriage with his uncle Claudius and regards his mother as unfaithful to his father as he says, â€Å"-- Frailty, thy name is woman!† (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 148) By thinking about his mother as a frail creature, he considers that all the women of this world are frail and prone to do wrong. He feels disappointed at his mother’s marriage with Claudius as he thinks that his mother has proved dishonesty by marrying Claudius soon after her husband’s death. He thinks that his mother has shed false tears over his death father’s corpse. Hamlet is tormented on his mother’s action and says, â€Å"Like Niobe, all tears: -- why she, even she -- O, God! a beast, that wants discourse of reason, Would have mourn'd longer† (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 151-153) He thinks that his mother has not mourned as was require d of her. Again, Hamlet has compared his mother to a mythological character of Niobe. He regards his mother’s tears over his father death as â€Å"unrighteous tears†. He regards Claudius as not equivalent to his father and regards him quite downgraded as he says, â€Å"My father's brother, but no more like my father Than I to Hercules†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 154-155) Hamlet here gives his father a very high position and considers Claudius as a creature that should be hated. In the same soliloquy, Hamlet uses the example of â€Å"Hyperion† for his father and â€Å"

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Ups vs Fedex Essay Example for Free

Ups vs Fedex Essay In 1975, UPS promised package delivery to every address in the United States; FedEx was not able to guarantee delivery in every area. When deregulation of the domestic airline industry and trucking industry occurred, the operating landscape changed, and FedEx became the beneficiary by expanding its delivery fleet. The just-in-time supply movement enabled FedEx to grow as well by creating a larger demand for express delivery. Technological innovations, such as its package tracker, assisted FedEx in improved customer service; UPS was able to keep pace with technological innovations of its own, such as its own package tracker. UPS’s key to success was and remains efficiency, timing all delivery routes to traffic signal patterns for example. UPS also expanded into Canada and Germany before FedEx. In recent years UPS has invested heavily in information technology, aircraft and other facilities. Competitor Comparison UPS went public in 1999, starting direct stock competition with FedEx UPSFedEx Offered package delivery services to the entire US and over 200 countries, delivered over 13 million packages and achieved profits of $3 billion, and AAA bond rating in 1983Operational leader reached $1 billion in revenues during 1983 and was poised to own the market for express delivery Restructured by becoming an aggressive company and expanding through acquisitionsNo unions Acquired Miami based carrier with operations in Latin AmericaAchieved $15 billion in assets, net income of $830 million on revenues of $22. billion in 2003 Opened Mail Boxes Etc. franchise stores, providing packing, shipping and mail service Invested in IT, aircraft and facilities to support service innovations, quality and reduce cost Became involved with all aspects of supply chain logistics to offer another service to its customers By 2003, UPS and FedEx were in very similar business positions, providing express service in the US and abroad. Express Segment: 1999 2003 UPSFedEx Focus on customer serviceFocus on customer service Started price war, but later settled on regular price increasesSettled on regular price increases Cut costs through economies of scale, investments in IT and business process reengineeringCut costs through economies of scale, investments in IT and business process reengineering IT: UPS employs on DIADs for drivers to scan package barcodes during pickupIT: COSMOS transmits data from package movements, customer pickups, invoices and deliveries to central database in Memphis, TN UPS installed drop off boxes, 165 drive through and 371 express delivery stores, Saturday pickups to expand services and match FedExPurchased ground vehicles worth $200 million to match UPS delivery fleet Offered integrated logistics service to large corporate clients with total inventory controlCompeted for large corporate clients providing integrated logistics service In the international package-delivery market, UPS exceeded and had more success and dollar investment marked for international growth than FedEx . International Package-Delivery Market European entry in 1988 with acquisition of 10 continental courier services Lost estimated $1 billion in Europe since entry in 1984 and eventually sold European hub to DHL Spent an additional $1 billion in 1995 to expand it European operationsExpanded routes in Latin America, Caribbean and introduced AsiaOne next business day service between Asia and US in 1995 Begins direct flights to China in 2001Establishes Chinese Headquarters in 2003 Contracts with Yangtze River Express for package delivery within China in 2003 FedEx owned the largest foreign presence in China, with almost double the amount of daily flights to China than UPS, serving 220 Chinese cities with direct flights to Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai. FedEx volumes in China grew by more than 50% between 2003 and 2004. UPS was active in China beginning in 1988, and was the first carrier to offer nonstop service from America. By 2003, UPS had 6 weekly flights to China with direct service to Beijing and Shanghai, serving about 200 cities with expected growth of about 60% on its main route. UPS also predicted peak-season demand to exceed capacity. Financial Analysis UPS appears to be the better bet for the long-term because its historical financial results are superior to and more consistent when compared to FedEx. If we consider EVA (Economic Value Added) as the key gauge for evaluating both firms, UPS is clearly the better performer. In the twelve year period of 1992 through 1993, UPS created $4. 33 billion in cumulative economic value, while FedEx destroyed $2. 25 billion. Because of its superior profitability and cash generating capabilities, UPS has better prospects for funding growth through internal and external sources. Even if we weaken the assumption of past history as a good indicator for the course of future financial performance and management, the data still indicates UPS is in a better financial position for taking on future growth. Decomposing EVA UPS outperformed FedEx on profitability in the twelve year period with an average RONA of 13. 78% compared to 8. 31% for FedEx. This profitability disparity accounts for most of the differences in their EVA histories. The twelve year average cost of capital/WACC for each firm was virtually the same (11. 97% for UPS, 11. 5% for FedEx); FedEx failed to generate enough RONA to cover its cost of capital in eleven years of the twelve year period, while UPS generated positive economic returns in seven of those years. The economic profit margin or spread between RONA and WACC for UPS averaged about 1. 8 % compared to -3. 14% for FedEx. For the last year of the period, 2003, UPS’s spread was 5. 11% and FedEx’s was 1. 10%. Given these statistics, UPS is obviously the better value creator and more profitable firm. Funding Future Growth (Cash and Debt) UPS is in a better position to fund its future growth because it generates more cash through superior profitability and its bigger size NOPAT for UPS in 2003 was at $3. 31 billion versus FedEx at $1. 42 billion. Thus, UPS can fund a larger percentage of its growth through internally generated funds. UPS can also take on additional debt at a lower cost than FedEx. The two firms have very similar debt/equity ratios but different bond ratings, with UPS rated higher. Therefore, even with similar relative debt levels, UPS can choose to supplement its funding needs with debt at a lower interest expense than FedEx. As of 2003, UPS‘s interest coverage ratio is three times that of FedEx, so UPS has a bigger cushion for handling additional debt (which partially explains UPS’s higher debt rating). In summary, from a cash perspective and in the context of each firm’s debt load, UPS is clearly in a better financial position to compete than FedEx. Operational Analysis While UPS and FedEx operate with similar business practices and offer almost identical services to their respective customers, UPS is more diversified both in operational revenue and global market service. Virtually all of FedEx’s business is derived from air-express sector in the package delivery; that segment is only 44% of UPS’s revenues. Both companies compete fiercely, often copying the other’s moves. For instance, FedEx has started to poach clients from UPS by offering volume discounts and excellent delivery services. UPS has countered by matching FedEx’s customer interaction by installing drop boxes and offering Saturday delivery to equal FedEx’s delivery schedule. Annualized capital expenditures are almost identical between the two companies for the period of 1992 to 2003 was 34. 64% for FedEx and 36. 78% for UPS. The main difference between the two is the markets each company serves and how they serve it. FedEx utilizes an independent contractor model, while UPS has unionized employees. FedEx attempted to develop its European capabilities until 1992, when it sold its operations to DHL, and now relies on local partners. By comparison, UPS acquired multiple courier services and announced in 1995 it would spend $1 billion over the next five years to continue its European expansion. The following table provides the comparison of worldwide facts between FedEx and UPS: FedExUPS Main HubMemphis, TennesseeLouisville, Kentucky Packages handled per day5. 4 million13. 6 million Air deliveries per day3. 1 million2 million Service AreaMore than 220 countries and territories, including every address in the United StatesMore than 200 countries and territories; every address in North America and Europe WorkforceMore than 216,500 employees worldwide360,000 Worldwide Delivery FleetMore than 50,000 motorized vehicles and 625 aircraft88,000 ground vehicles; 583 aircraft. In the ground package-delivery business, UPS is approximately five times larger than FedEx, delivering 11 million packages per day. However, there are signs that FedEx is gaining market share for ground delivery. FedEx dominates with the world’s largest air-delivery service, delivering 50% more per day than UPS. The battleground has shifted from Europe to China, which is projected to become the second largest economy by 2011 and the largest by 2039. Because China’s export volume increased by 101% in 2004, both companies have focused on the import/export package market valued at nearly $1 billion, instead of the intra-domestic market, valued at approximately $800 million. Although it entered the Chinese market after FedEx, UPS is aggressively expanding its services within the market. While FedEx flies almost twice as many daily routes to China than UPS, the new service agreement between the US and China will alter the landscape; it is uncertain how the newly acquired routes will be distributed to FedEx, UPS and their other competitors. Conclusion UPS will achieve better long-term performance relative to FedEx because of its bigger size, more diversified revenue and business, superior financial and operational efficiency and a better capital position.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

AIDS in Africa :: AIDS HIV Disease Africa African Essays

AIDS In Africa   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  HIV-AIDS has infected over thirty million people in the world. Over 95% of all AIDS cases in the world are in Africa and in some of those countries over 40% of the people are infected (Frederickson and Kanabus HIV and AIDS in Africa 1). AIDS does not solely affect homosexuals, or any certain ethnicity of people, either; HIV-AIDS can affect any type of ethnicity including African Americans, Caucasians, Asians, Indians, and Hispanic people. AIDS cannot be reversed or cured, but with proper treatment this deadly virus can be controlled and people can live a nearly normal life. In Africa, though, proper treatment is not nearly as available as it is in some other countries. Approximately 2.3 million people died in 2003 in Sub-Saharan Africa alone and that is only the beginning (Frederickson and Kanabus HIV 1). Because of AIDS and its devastating effects and increasing infection rates in Africa, organizations and governments are increasing their efforts to stop this dis ease. Hundreds of millions of dollars have been spent on AIDS efforts, but still the disease continues to spread and take thousands of people?s lives each year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1992, 20% of Botswana, Africa was infected with HIV-AIDS. In 1995, 1/3 of the country was infected. Today over 40% of Botswana is infected with HIV-AIDS, and these numbers continue to increase (Epstlen 70). The rest of Africa is mimicking these same numbers as infection rates continue to rise. Of the 27 million infected in Africa, 3.2 million were new cases diagnosed in 2003, and over 2.3 million people died in Africa because of HIV-AIDS last year (Frederickson and Kanabus HIV 1). Such numbers are astronomical compared to the rest of the world. In the United States less than 1% of the population is infected; in Russia and India the numbers also match the United States. In Thailand, where it is claimed to be more corrupted in sex and drug trades and have even fewer anti-AIDS efforts than in Africa, the infection rates are still less than 2% (Frederickson HIV 70). Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst region to be infected with AIDS. While countries like Swaziland, Bot swana, Lesotho and Zimbabwe all have infection rates reaching near 40%, West African countries barely top 10% in some places (Frederickson 2). In Sub-Saharan Africa, 11 million children have been orphaned by AIDS (Frederickson AIDS orphans in Africa 1). Of the 27 million people infected, 10 million are between the ages of 15 and 24, and 3 million are estimated to be under the age of 15 (Frederickson HIV 1).

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

How Does the “Cha Chaan Teng” Essay

Hong Kong identity is a complicated issue and many different perspectives have to be taken into consideration in order to study this issue. This paper mainly focuses on the cultural perspective of the Hong Kong identity. Hall.S (2000) â€Å"identities are never unified and, in late modern times, increasingly fragmented and fractured; never singular but multiply constructed across different, often intersecting and antagonistic, discourses, practices, and positions.† This implies identity is regarded as a shared culture in Hong Kong. Most Hong Kong people think that †Cha Chaan Teng† is an important feature of Hong Kong’s lifestyle. In other words, it is an important part of Hong Kong culture. This paper will be divided into two sections. The first section discusses the important role â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† plays as a part of Hong Kong’s lifestyle and how it reflects and contributes to the Hong Kong identity. In the second section 3 major characteristics of â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng†; their affordable prices, high efficiency in serving food and varieties of dishes offered will be discussed. â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† is a significant icon of Hong Kong lifestyle. Lots of Hong Kong people grew up with â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng†.It is a great place to hang out with friends and discuss current events. Furthermore, it is a good place to see the vicissitudes of life. It is true that â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† has an important cultural value in Hong Kong people’s mind. A survey has been conducted by Radio Television Hong Kong (2004) on the internet, 10 most representative elements of Hong Kong among 50 local characteristics. â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† received 1,930 votes, beating the old tram by 106 votes and gaining its place in top 10. This shows that â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† plays an important role in the cultural heritage of Hong Kong. At the same time, it contributes and reflects to local identity. The food provided by †Cha Chaan Teng† are economical. This is strongly related to its important role in early industrialization. It also reflects the characteristics of Hong Kong’s economic development. During early industrialization, most Hong Kong people were not rich and needed to work for a long period of time every day. They need to eat a large amount of food to gain energy for work. In order to attract more customers,†Cha Chaan Teng† started to lower the food price and increase the food portion. These alterations made†Cha Chaan Teng† become popular. Today, during lunch time, construction workers, truck drivers, as well as office staff also eat there because they find the prices are more affordable. According to the article by Crouch, O (2011) â€Å"there are thousands of these diner-style restaurants in Hong Kong and they are a unifying aspect of the island society, popular with all socio-economic backgrounds†. It means that different background of Hong Kong people like to go to this kind of Hong Kong style restaurant. It does not come from no reason. First of all, it is very convenient to the customer because it is easy to find them. Although â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† has developed almost for 70 years, the uniqueness of the Western and Eastern food style cannot be replaced by other restaurant. As we know, Hong Kong is called â€Å"Gourmet Paradise† as the food quality is really high and â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† also contributed to it. Meanwhile, the food prices are reasonably cheap. Therefore, many poverty people love to go there. The â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† continues to play an important role in the development of Hong Kong. It reflects and contributes to a Hong Kong identity. One of the reasons for the popularity of â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† is its efficiency. During the 1950s and 1960s, â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† became popular with Hong Kong’s booming industry and factory lifestyle, which led to changes in Hong Kong people’s lifestyle and needs. Since Hong Kong needed a large amount of labour force to boost the economy. Many women started to work in factories and the number of housewives decreased a lot. This meant that lots of women were too busy to cook and fewer families ate at home. To satisfy the needs of the general public, â€Å"Cha chaan Teng† started to focus on efficiency. Fast paced life-style is one of Hong Kong’s features, Workers often had only one hour lunch time, therefore the efficiency of restaurants is the main concern of workers rather than the taste of the food. So â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† created a perfect system which could improve the efficiency of food preparation. First, it adopts a high deg ree of division of labor. Also, the ingredients are well prepared before the restaurants open. â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† generally does not take tips, waiters write on the bill after customer order the food and then leaves the bill on the table. Customers only need to wait ten to fifteen minutes for the food and when they are finished, they will take their own bill to the cashier and pay. The whole process is very efficient. Meanwhile, most â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† provides a choice called â€Å"fast set†, which usually changes every single day. The features of these sets are that they are served quicker and at lower price when compared with other sets. This can help customers to save time on thinking what they want to order, ultimately reducing the time spent on waiting for food. Indeed, â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† was strongly influenced by early industrialization of Hong Kong and panders to it. Also, it creates a perfect system which can improve efficiency. In order to attract more customers and survive in the industry market, it continues to improve and prospers as a part of Hong Kong life-style. The wide variety of food that a â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† offers often shocks its customers. Not only does it provide Western and Chinese food but also fusion of Western and Eastern food. Hong Kong was a colony of Britain. The food culture of Chinese people and Western people are totally different. After World War II, Hong Kong was strongly influenced by Western lifestyle. However, Western food was only served in upper-class restaurants and was very expensive at that time. Only a small amount of Hong Kong people can afford it. Some Hong Kong people came up with an idea to combine the food culture of the East and West. At that time, â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† appeared. It preserved the food culture of Hong Kong and offered a variety of dishes to customers. The food provided by â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† is diversified; many of them were tailor-made to fit Hong Kong’s unique diet. These food features, in fact, were developed by different curious customers because â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† always adopt customers’ ideas and create these unique diets. Customers can also mix and match to choose the food they want. This allows more flexibility for the customers. That is why â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† can integrate different people’s need. In the past, the foods offered on the â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† menu were only some western or eastern dishes. As it became more popular, it started to develop a unique menu. The most typical example is milk tea, or in Cantonese naai cha. McLane, D(2008) said â€Å"If Hong Kong had an â€Å"official† drink, Milk Tea would be it: the thick, intense and creamy brew of black tea and evaporated milk, boiled and then strained through cloth†. It is for sure that many Hong Kong people love it so much. Another contribution to Hong Kong identity is that â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† helps promote tourism all over the world. Since there are some western dishes and unique food provided in â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng†, it manages to attract many tourists. Indeed, it becomes a characteristic of Hong Kong and helps to promote Hong Kong’s image as â€Å"Food paradise†. Indirectly, the economy of Hong Kong has been improved because of â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng†. The general public visit Hong Kong style restaurants frequently. Indeed, things will change as time passes, and â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† makes no exception. It kept improving to meet modern market demands. The most surprising thing is that it added some new elements while retaining its original flavor. In order to establish the â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† position in the international arena, Hong Kong political party China Democratic National Construction Association (2007) suggested that â€Å"Hong Kong style tea restaurant culture† should be declared as a â€Å"non-material cultural heritage of mankind† in order to establish Hong Kong’s international brand image and promote tourism development in Hong Kong. To sum up, â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† contains the collective memories of Hong Kong people and has witnessed the development of Hong Kong. Meanwhile, in order to get higher profit, it keeps changing to fit Hong Kong people’s life style and needs, for example, the design of the restaurant, menus and ingredients. Today, â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† is getting famous all over the world and can be found in many countries. However, the most traditional and original one still stands in Hong Kong. The â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† has become one of the major visiting spots for tourists. In additional, they are featured in many movies and TV dramas. It is absolutely part of the local populace of the best place to eat and drink. In fact, these restaurant features precisely reflect the spirit of people-orientation and values ​​- faster, to match changes and affordable prices. These are the reasons why â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng† still occupy a strong position in Hong Kong after so many years. References: China Democratic National Construction Association (2007). The new theme of traditional â€Å"Cha Chaan Teng†. chinapress http://www.chinapress.com.my/node/228021 – accessed 19 January 2012 Crouch, O. (2011, July 22) Cha Chaan Teng: Hong Kong’s Favorite Diners. ezinearticle http://ezinearticles.com/?Cha-Chaan-Teng:-Hong-Kongs-Favorite-Diners&id=6469027 – accessed 26 January 2012 Hall, S. (2000). Who needs identity? London: Sage. In S. Hall & P. du Gay (Eds.) Mclane, D. (2008, January 30) Comfort Food in Hong Kong. nytimes http://travel.nytimes.com/2008/01/30/travel/30webcomfort.html – accessed 15 January 2012 RTHK (2004) Top 10 of the most represent design of Hong Kong. Radio Television Hong Kong http://www.rthk.org.hk/press/chi/20040927_66_120120.html – accessed 1 Febuary

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Just Do It Essay

Sharad Haksar’s Just Do It is part of his very moving series of pictures he calls â€Å"Brand Irony. † This series portrays ironic juxtapositions of world-renowned brands combined with interesting visuals. In this specific picture, Haskar shows Nike’s famous Swoosh accompanied by its â€Å"Just Do It† slogan on a wall acting as an advertisement somewhere in India. On the wall next to the ad, a young boy is urinating as a little dog looks on. At first a feeling of excitement comes over the viewer because of Nike’s large media presence and its ties to athleticism. The boy urinating next to the slogan seems to then invoke a feeling of humor. These emotions soon give way, however, to a much deeper and serious analysis. Soon enjoyment and wittiness turn into anger and sadness as the details of the image slowly come forward. Born in India, Sharad Haksar was probably accustomed to seeing this kind of situation day in and day out. For this reason, Haksar was surely biased in the way that he definitely had some kind of disgust with companies like Nike. He is trying to appeal to the same audience Nike would be trying to attract in their advertisements. This would be, for the most part, young and active people anywhere from the ages 15-40. More than that, he is also trying to appeal to anyone who has an interest in photography, advertising, and the worldwide problem of worker exploitation. He finished up his collection of photos entitled â€Å"Brand Irony† in 2006. These photos were meant to show big-market companies advertising in ironic situations and/or places. In this specific photo, his frustration with large corporations exploiting their workers seems to be the focal point. Nike is a world –power when it comes to brand imagery, and their â€Å"Just Do It† slogan is as recognizable as any. By combining the first glance humor of a boy urinating on a wall, with the more profound message hidden deeper inside the photo, Haksar creates a brilliant image that begs to be understood. Many human beings see Nike as a model company, one that is always progressing its craft, and constantly trying to better its products. Haksar realizes this, and he wants to shed some light on the other side of the business. He wants to show how huge commercial businesses like Nike affect the countries and communities in which they conduct their trades. Nike has been at the forefront of â€Å"sweatshop† controversy in India, and the dirty and grimy background of the image appeals to this controversy. The â€Å"Just Do It† slogan, rather than being the upbeat, creative influence it usually is, is now portrayed in a much darker light. In Indonesia alone, 30% of factory workers were reported as being verbally abused, with another 2. 5% experiencing â€Å"unwanted fondling† (Dukcevich). In Honduras, two Nike subcontractors closed down their plants, pushing 1,800 natives out of work. It didn’t stop there, though. In complete disregard for Hondurian law, they refused to pay the $2 million in severance that was rightfully owed. Nike’s â€Å"factory to factory† competitiveness creates â€Å"an ultra-competitive environment that drives down wages and gives factory owners virtually no choice but to disrespect workers’ basic rights† (Greenhouse). The motto â€Å"Just Do It† is supposed to cast anger over the viewer, as it is clear that this is not an option to these people; life will never grant them the chance to just do it. Haksar is trying to bring awareness to the poverty-laden countries that big companies exploit to inexpensively run their large factories. He is trying to show that these disadvantaged humans slave over products that they cannot and probably never will be able to afford. This underprivileged boy and the rest of this community are living a life that doesn’t allow them to â€Å"Just Do It,† the opportunities just aren’t there. They lead a life of struggling to survive on insufficient paying jobs, some even as factory line workers in one of Nike’s 1000 factories worldwide. It is not unusual for these workers, most of the time women and children ages 10-24, to work 13-hour shifts and come home with a meager $1. 60. This fact becomes staggering when one takes into account that the average minimum living wage in most of the third world countries that house Nike factories is somewhere around $3. 00 to $5. 00 a day (Braddock). Exploited workers in these factories have no chance of living any kind of lifestyle Nike promotes, but rather become the impoverished human beings that are the face of third-world countries around the globe. The boy in the picture that at first seemed so comical is in fact without hoes or a shirt. He is clearly indigent and the littered ground he stands on emphasizes this. A sense of pity is immediately taken up for the boy, as he cannot even afford to put a pair of shoes on his feet, let alone the ones Nike advertises. Then the focus shifts to the dog. The dog that at first seemed cute and harmonious prancing next to the boy, now seems ragged and undersized. As the powerful, commenting images slowly unfold from Haskar’s photo, the picture transforms from just an advertisement to a much more critical view of Nike’s world-power franchise. He is trying to invoke a sense of guilt and remorse in his audience for their participation in buying Nike’s products. Moreover, a sense of anger is supposed to be instilled in the viewer, caused by Nike’s insistence on advertising in countries where just a miniscule part of the population has the means to buy their products. In this sense, Haksar is appealing to his audience to recognize where and how Nike’s products are being made. The innovation in brand imagery Nike has brought to the commercial world is unparalleled. The Swoosh and the â€Å"Just Do It† slogan are reminders that Nike sits in the top of its class when it comes to advertising. Sharad Haksar’s stunning Nike image in his â€Å"Brand Irony† series is a comment on this advertising and also an insight into how the products they market are produced. The image comes off, at first, just to be a humorous depiction of a boy urinating on a wall, but in fact is trying to shed light on the cruel and inhumane ways workers are exploited by companies like Nike. What the general public sees is Nike’s innovation and their leadership in their industry. What they don’t see are images like this.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Pio Baroja essays

Pio Baroja essays Pio Baroja was born on the twenty-eighth of December in the year of 1872 in the Basque Country (Rouco). At the age of fifteen, his family moved to Madrid because his father, Don SerafÃÆ'Â ­n, was transferred there when he had obtained a seat in the Geographic and Statistical Institute (Caro Raggio). In Madrid is where Baroja grew up to learn about medicine. After receiving his medical degree from the University of Madrid in 1893, he practiced medicine for a short time in a village in northern Spain. Discusted by the country life he returned to Madrid to manage the family bakery along side his brother, Ricardo (Book Rags). After working with his brother, he ran unsuccessfully on two occasions for a seat at the Cortes, the Spanish Parliament, as a Republican. As the Spanish American War rolled around in 1898, Baroja began to protest against "Spain's social abuses and the corrosive influence of the Catholic Church" (Book Rags). He was known throughout history as an anarchist who believed that all forms of government are oppressive and undesirable and should be abolished. He began to write about the injustices within his country. He got his start from writing newspaper articles and moved onward to produce novels. After writing so many articles and letters, Pip Baroja moved away from the business scene and became more dedicated to writing (Caro Raggio). Soon he realized that his real passion was to write novels. He became one of the most influential and popular Spanish novelists of the twentieth century. The writing of Pio Baroja mainly was considered "forceful though loosely constructed, characterized by a spare yet lyrical style and an undercurrent of social discontent" (Columbia Encyclopedia). His many books revolved around harsh criticism of his country, Spain, and a pessimistic view of the human existence. His first novel was La Casa de Aizgorri (The House of Aizgorr ...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Top Benefits of Going to a Large School

Top Benefits of Going to a Large School When people think of college, several images frequently come to mind: Football games. Students sitting in the quad. People attending classes. Graduation day. And while these events are common no matter where you go to school, different kinds of institutions understandably offer different kinds of experiences. If youre interested in going to a large school, then, just what are the top benefits you should consider? (Note: This list addresses general benefits. There are also many  academic benefits.) Diverse Community Whether its in the classroom or in your residence halls, big schools offer an enormous set of resources and perspectives. The more people there are in your community, after all, the larger the pool of knowledge. The way you interact with your fellow college or university community members doesnt have to be formalized and in the classroom; many students have life-changing, perspective-altering conversations in casual places like residence hall common areas or the campus coffee shop. When youre constantly surrounded by a diverse community of smart, interesting, engaging people whether theyre faculty, staff, or students its nearly impossible not to learn and grow from those around you. Live in a Metropolitan Area Even though there are exceptions to every rule, large schools tend to be in major, metropolitan areas, thereby offering a fantastic theater for you to further engage with during your college experience. Whether you take classes that connect you with the history and resources of your city, you volunteer in the local community, or you simply take advantage of the museums, community events, and other jewels that your town has to offer, going to school in a major, metropolitan area offers unique and significant benefits. Additionally, in contrast to a small school in a small town, you may have more opportunities for things like internships, student jobs, and other work experiences that can help prepare you for the job market once you graduate. A Degree from an Institution with a Well-known Reputation While small schools can offer an education of equal caliber to your large school, it can sometimes be frustrating if not awkward to constantly have to explain to people (and potential employers in particular) where your college is and what kind of experience you had. When you attend and graduate from a large school, however, you often receive more name recognition of the institution behind your degree. An Incredible Event-filled Experience While college students everywhere complain of being bored, larger schools seem to have a nearly-24/7 event calendar. At larger schools, there is virtually always something going on. And even if its across campus, at an on-campus theater, or in the lobby of your residence hall, big schools constantly offer experiences that can both supplement and complement what youre learning in the classroom. A Large Community to Connect With After Graduation If your school has thousands of students graduating every year if not every semester than the alumni network will be quite extensive. Whether youre watching football games at a local pub or trying to build professional connections, larger schools can offer both depth and breadth when it comes to finding other graduates who share your student and post-college experience and alma mater pride.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Human Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Human Resources - Essay Example This paper discusses the major staffing factors that contribute to poor performance by the employees and how one would assess whether the perceived dismal performance resulted from a training problem (DuBrin, 2009).   Perhaps one of the major causes of dismal employee performance is the absence of clear job descriptions that causes disorganizations especially within manufacturing industries. Marchington & Wilkinson (2006) note that when job roles are unclear, communication issues are bound to arise thus setting the stage for a myriad of performance related issues within the organization. Although unclear understanding of the obligations of the staff may lead to confusion at work, it may also cause job overlap where one job role is assigned to more than one person. This staffing problem according to DuBrin (2009) normally manifests when employees cannot fathom what their respective employers and managers expect of them in addition to being clueless about their personal limits at wor k. This is mainly because chance could be that some of the responsibilities that employees grapple with on a daily basis are not in their job description and thus could be causing them unnecessary burden that could adversely affect their performance at work. The best strategies for mitigating this problem include updating job description, training employees on teambuilding, and redesigning the job roles (Marchington & Wilkinson, 2006).   Moreover, recruitment and selection issues could lead to compromise in the quality of performance by the employees at their respective workstations. In many occasions, staffing problems begin at the time of recruitment and selection where the HR Managers could mismatch the employee and the job, or there could be job oversold for example the suggestions of nonexistent career advancement, over-qualification of the prospective workers, and the under-mention of the perceived uninteresting aspects of the job (DuBrin, 2009). This situation often leads t o job alienation on the side of the employees, which often affect their overall performance within a given industry. When employees discover some aspects about the job that they were unaware of at the time of the recruitment, they feel demoralized by the perceived dishonesty on the part of their employers. Therefore, many approach their job roles from an indifferent perspective, or they could simply harbor the intention of sending a strong message to their employers by ensuring poor performance (Marchington & Wilkinson, 2006).  However, there are strategies to deal with recruitment issues that tend to derail the performance objectives of the company. These may include the review of the procedures and processes of recruitment, and retraining the staff involved with recruitment on the job descriptions as well as updating the job specifications and descriptions. Promotion problems could lead to below par performance by employees especially in situations where the staffs receive undes erving job offers and promotions. In occasions where the company promotes its staff to a level beyond their capabilities or the staffs get earlier than usual job promotions, such

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Hummingbird Effect Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hummingbird Effect Paper - Essay Example However, majority of these innovations possesses what is known as the causality effect where the results are virtually unknown. Each of the activities is connected and it is just important that we are able to predict the outcomes and create measures to prevent destruction. The Hummingbird effect is the kind of effect that is felt in relation to recent technological innovation that has been said to cause a positive change on one of the areas while a great negative effect is likely to take place in a completely different area. In this case, it refers to the sense that the innovations that are done in one field are likely to have unintended impacts on another. It is different from the butterfly effect in the sense that it is random and unpredictable. Therefore, it refers to the fact that one technological innovation can lead to the development of a chain of many others in different sectors. The adjacent possibilities take place in the form of finding solutions from the initial innovations when you are not looking for one. For instance, with the advent of the use of computers and the internet, people have been able to communicate in a faster and better way. However, there is also the issue of privacy, security and internet theft among other components (Jo hnson, 2014). In order to experience the best effects of the hummingbird effect, there are a number of technological factors and infrastructure that are required to enable its commercialization. Some of these include security software that will prevent the access of the privacy information of individuals in different sites (Johnson, 2014). It will also include training of the relevant personnel on security issues. In addition, the use of spyware will enable the entrepreneurs to make the predictions at the right time. In case, the hummingbird effects set in before time, they are likely to knock them over and affect the operations of different activities. The realization of the effects too late also leads to the

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Do a Case Brief of a news article Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Do a Brief of a news article - Case Study Example The allegations that have been brought to court comprise of detailed testimonies from managers at Wal-Mart, who claimed to have visited strip clubs to conduct company meetings and did not see any downside to visiting Hooters for the purpose of a business gathering. One female employee reported an incident where her male supervisors had told her to â€Å"doll up† and apply more makeup and dress appropriately. Dukes hence became the face of a case that was gathering momentum in court and making waves, mostly because of the fact that the case involved sworn statements from over a 100 female employees who claimed that they had faced discrimination, harassment or had to perform in a hostile work environment simply because of their sex and a failure of Wal-Mart management to address these problems. They went as far as to state that they were not given equal opportunities as their male peers and so hired a statistician to evaluate Wal-Mart’s payroll data to analyze the ratio of men who were progressing compared to female employees. So the allegations made were that women represented two-thirds of hourly employees, however it was seen that approximately less than 14 percent of them became store managers. On average, a woman employee waited 4.3 years to be promoted to the post of an assistant manager whereas for men the process took 2.86 years. Similarly men were promoted to the title of store manger in 8.64 years compared to the 10.12 years women employees had to wait. Lastly the allegations stated that women earned about 5 to 15 percent lesser than men, across all job categories. The ruling of the US Supreme Court, according to ‘The Guardian’, rejected these arguments which stated that there was a common policy of unfairness against women at Wal-Mart. Senior US judges came to the decision that this 10 year long gender bias case was in complete failure to meet the requirements for class action cases. Also a maximum number of conservative judges ruled that the

Sunday, October 27, 2019

The History Of Water Pollution Environmental Sciences Essay

The History Of Water Pollution Environmental Sciences Essay Water is an important natural resource upon which all the living beings rely for their existence and growth. Nature has blessed the earth with uncountable water resources but usable quantity is limited. Hence, it is important to use water sparingly. The irony is, human activities result is high water pollution which further shortens the water supply for use. Water Pollution In an age when man  has forgotten his origins and is blind even to his most essential needs for survival, water along with other resources has become the  victim of his indifference (Carson, 2002, p. 39). Water is considered to be most crucial one among all the worlds natural resources. Although it covers the largest part of the earths surface (70%), yet it is the limiting factor most of the times. This is because most of this water is not available for use in agriculture or for other human needs due to the presence of significant amounts of mineral salts and heavy metals that make water unfit for use. In each home of an American in New York, 99 gallons of water is an average daily requirement (Fishman, 2012). Water consumption increases by a factor of 2-3% each year while the fresh water total supply remains comparatively constant (Dowdeswell, 1996). Thus, the demand of water is a big dilemma today. A major problem related to water is the issue of water pollution. It is basically the contamination of water with pollutants that may be from human, animal or industrial origin. Natural as well as anthropogenic activities lead to the spoilage of rivers, streams and ground water. This polluted water may also move from one place to another leading to water pollution at greater level (Chiras, 2012). Pollutants in surface waters can be of organic or inorganic nature. Processed or un-processed waste material from either animal or human origin can be released into water ways by waste disposal plants etc. Oil spills are also major contributors of water pollution that give rise to organic pollutants. When water gets saturated with this organic waste, bacteria begin to multiply rapidly. Because of the metabolic activity of the micro-organisms, oxygen gets depleted in such water reservoirs. Oxygen depletion may prove lethal to the life of bodies that rely on oxygen for living. The oxygen level in such bodies can be maintained if the organic influx in such water resources is controlled or minimized. The inorganic pollutants in surface water are basically the nitrates or phosphates which increase the plant growth that lead to inhibition of aquatic life. This is because when plants die, their decay leads to oxygen depletion which effects the aquatic environment greatly. Another important phenomenon related to water pollution is eutrophication which is the deposition of nutrients in lakes. These nutrients come from both natural and human sources and may result in aging of lakes prematurely (Chiras, 2012). Some man made products like plastics, medical wastes and sewage sludge also add significant amount of pollutants to the water. Plastic, because of being resistant to degradation is a great environmental hazard. Although direct dumping of sewage is controlled to a great extent, yet a lot of waste is being introduced into oceans and rivers by the sewage treatment plants (Chiras, 2012). Water may also contain infectious pathogenic micro-organisms that may lead to water-borne disease and ultimately deaths. Parasites as well as bacteria seeping into drinking water may lead to chronic diarrhoea, severe infections of ear and stomach diseases (Duhigg, 2009). Contamination of both ground and surface water through chemical pollutants such as pesticides increases production of carcinogens in the public water supplies. According to National Cancer Institute, the danger of cancer from the consumption of contaminated water will increase greatly in future. A study in Holland supported the view that cancer may be caused because of pollution of waterways. Cities which get water from the rivers have a higher mortality rate than those who use water from less susceptible sources like wells. Arsenic is the major pollutant in polluted waters that leads to cancer (Carson, 2002). Pollution control is the need of today to protect human and animal life from the disasters caused by water pollutants. The control can be imposed by two ways: either by the elimination of contaminants from various sources or by adoption of ways that prevent pollution. Legislative control for addressing the problem of water pollution is being applied on the factories and sewage plants. However, no significant improvement in pollution control has been achieved through this way as the pollution from the streets, farm fields and lawns equalizes the industrial pollution. Control of such wastes is although in infancy yet it is gaining popularity as many cost effective methodologies are present to deal with such wastes. The U. S. government as well as some other states have proven to be successful in addressing ground water pollution. This is because ground water is the major source of drinking water in most of the regions. One pollution control strategy is the treatment of the sewage water. In the first phase, larger particles and particulate organic matter is filtered out of the sewage water. The second stage involves the treatment of the sewage water to remove the organic matter that contains significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus. This treatment involves the use of bacteria or other decomposers. The third and last treatment is ensuring that the sewage water quality is sustained to the level of drinking water (Chiras, 2012). This is accomplished by increasing the Biological Oxygen demand (BOD) and decreasing the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the sewage water. Recently, a marine biologist Dr. Widder has come up with a technology to fight water pollution through the use of bioluminescent bacteria. These bacteria make use of light for food, predation and finding partners for mating as part of their normal activity. Dr. Widder performed a study in the Indian River Lagoon which according to scientists is valuable and at the same time the most threatened ecosystem of Florida. In her laboratory, she mixed the sediment samples from the estuary with a bioluminescent bacterium, Vibrio fischeri. The concentration of toxic pollutants in the sediments was monitored through the use of photometer that measured the light emitted by the bacteria. It revealed that to what extent and in what time the light fades away as the bacteria get killed by the chemicals. An estimate of the pollutant level in the sediments better indicates the estuarys health status as compared to direct measurement of chemicals in water. Greater concentration of heavy metals like phosphorus and nitrogen were observed to be present in the sediment samples which stimulate the algal growth. These algae affect the estuary life by depleting oxygen. Dr. Widder has also arranged sensors around the estuary that can provide data in real time which along with the sediment toxicity can trace the path of the pollution source. This method is far more cheap and robust than the traditional practice of taking samples to labs for purpose of analysis (Olsen, 2011). Other than these measures, there is a need of shift of human activities towards the ones that are eco-friendly. Biodegradable plastic should be produced by most of the factories and industries instead of non-degradable plastic that is toxic for health. Moreover, oil spills should be removed from oceans through use of bacteria which can degrade the organic compounds in those oil spills. Better and more economic water treatment strategies should be devised in the future to deal with polluted water. Moreover, ways should be discovered to overcome the shortage of water in near future.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Of Mice and Men - 4th chapter Essay -- essays research papers

This passage comes from the fourth chapter in Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck. George and the other workers are â€Å"gone into town† (69). Lennie, Crooks and Candy are the only men remaining on the ranch. This excerpt characterizes Crooks and promotes the themes of loneliness and dreams. In addition, this passage characterizes Lennie and reinforces the theme of companionship. In this portion of the book, the author provides a precise characterization of Crooks. The stable buck takes â€Å"pleasure in his torture† (71) of Lennie. He suggests many scenarios that make Lennie miserable such as â€Å"Well s’pose, jus’s’pose he [George] don’t come back† (71) â€Å"s’pose he gets killed or hurt so he can’t come back† (71). Crooks’ suppositions are a sign of meanness, they demonstrate that loneliness has twisted his conscience. He also behaves this way because since â€Å"he ain’t got nobody† (72), he is jealous of Lennie’s friendship with George. Crooks suffers from loneliness. He has no one to turn to, and to be near him. He says it himself that â€Å"a guy needs somebody---to be near him† (72), or else â€Å"he ge...

Thursday, October 24, 2019

P Plate Laws

They are there not to be broken but to save the lives of the young and inexperienced drivers. Since the new laws have been introduced more than 15,000 P-Plate drivers have been stripped of their licence in Victoria alone which shows that these ‘hoons’ don’t care about the law and even tougher rules need to be put in place. The new P-Plate laws, which are being enforced Australia wide, include having only 1 passenger between the age of 16-21 while you are on your Red P Plates, not driving a turbo or super charged vehicle, or driving a vehicle that has more than 6 cylinders. You are also required to drive 120 hours before being able to obtain your P Plates. The new P Plate laws that have been put in place are definitely working and reducing the death toll on our roads. It was reported in the herald sun that since the new p plate laws have been introduced there has been a 21% decrease in deaths on our roads among p platers. Eric Roozendal the roads minister has said he is â€Å"heartened to see that fatality rates have fallen for red P Plate drivers – which were the main target of the reforms†. Not only is he delighted with the way the new laws are working but other drivers or drivers to be are as well, like 19 year old L Plater Meg Walster who is even more excited about getting her P Plates because she is encouraged in the fact that it is safer to drive thanks to the new p plate laws. However some hoons still don’t get the message. These hoons seem to think they can do whatever they like because they will not be caught or because they are showing off to their friends. One of the main laws to be broken is going over the speed limit. Last year more than 11,400 P plate drivers were caught speeding and nearly 200 of those were caught speeding [pause] more than 45 km/h over the speed limit. Not even very experienced drivers could handle the speeds at which some of the new p platers were going at, what made them think they could? A very good example of these hoons not caring about the laws, themselves and other drivers around them was when late last year a young p plater obtained his licence and a mere 45 minutes after his test he was caught speeding at a [pause] 154 km/h in a 110 km zone. That’s just shows how reckless and immature these hoons are. Sue Philips has issued a statement to all new drivers after her son died and his two friends were injured in a horror crash because he was speeding, the damage was unimaginable, the car was split into two, the two halves of the car separated [pause] by a massive 40 meters. She warned all other drivers to stop and think before speeding. These hoons need to wake up and see what is happening around them, and what not just speeding but breaking any of the road rules can do, not just to you but everyone around you on the road. There needs to be tougher punishment for these law breakers, because that’s what they are laws breakers. Just because road laws might not seem as important or as bad as assault or breaking and entering or even stealing the consequences should be similar because breaking the road laws can be more devastating. Hoons choose to break the laws, it is not like they get provoked to or even need to break the laws to survive [pause] they choose to! The P Plate driver who was caught driving 44km/h over the speed limit, 45 minutes after gaining his licence was only fined $421 and had his licence suspended for 3 months. That is not enough for exceeding the speed limit by the amount that he did. Many people die in accidents that are resulted from speeding and even more get severely injured. These hoons need to be treated like criminals because these are criminal offences that they commit when they decide to break the road laws. P Platers argue that they are capable of handling powerful cars that are either turbo or super charged or even a v8 and that is not true because they are young and inexperienced and could not handle its power, as you need experience to control a car like that especially if you were to spin out or even accelerate, p platers most of the time put their foot down all the way when the light goes green, sure they can handle the power in a 4 cylinder car or even 6, but they most definitely would not in a powerful car. P platers also argue that they should be able to carry more than one passenger between the age of 16 and 21 but did you know that a p plater is 4 times more likely to be in an accident when he or she is with someone their own age! Also p plater say is costs too much for fuel when going on trips because they have to take more cars. This is true but when going on road trips you can apply to vic roads to get an exemption for a few days but you cannot be caught speeding or breaking the road laws otherwise there will be hefty fines. The new P Plate laws are there for a reason. Tougher laws need to be introduced but the current ones are working and making our roads safer every day. These hoons need to realize what breaking the road laws can do and need to think about the consequences because not only can they be hurt but others around them too.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Organic lab. Comparison of alkanes and alkenes Essay

1. Volatility of methane, hexane, and paraffin Substance Methane Hexane Paraffin wax Observations Colorless gas, with a smell of sweet burnt alcohol. Clear, colorless liquid. Alcoholic smell, light but pungent. White, oily (waxy) solid. Very malleable, odorless. 1. Solubility of hexane and paraffin in water Substance Hexane + water Paraffin wax + water Observations Hexane when shaken with water does not dissolve. We can tell so because even though both liquids are clear and colorless, we can see a clear line which distinguishes one liquid from the other. The hexane floats right above the water, never mixing, and we can see the line of separation. Paraffin wax when shaken with water also does not dissolve. Even when finely ground, the solid pieces of wax float throughout the liquid and eventually deposit on the bottom of the test tube, never mixing with the water. 1. Combustibility of methane, hexane, and paraffin wax Substance Methane Hexane Paraffin wax Observations When the lighted splint is inserted in the test tube filled with methane, the flame quickly extinguishes itself, with a small spurt of black smoke. Right after, water vapour coats the walls of the test tube. Therefore, combustion occurred, since the water vapour means that H2O and CO2 are produced as bi products. The combustion almost complete, but not quite, since the black smoke suggests that a small amout of noxious CO and carbon were also produced. When the lighted splint is applied to the basin full of hexane, the whole surface of the alcohol catches fire (combusts) and a big flame forms, which lasts circa 5 minutes. As the fire blazes, some black smoke rises from it, and the walls of the evaporing basin become first light brown, and then progessively a darker shade of brown. This is the soot collecting on the basin. Therefore, a incomplete combustion occurred, in which the bi products of CO and carbon were released. Indeed, the soot is the amount of carbon produced by the combustion. The lighted splint does not cause the paraffin wax to combust. When applied, the heat of the fire of the splint causes the wax to melt, but not catch fire itself. This because the wax is in the solid fase, and so does not combust. It would need a candle wick, a piece of yarn inside the candle which catches fire and helps the candle melt. Part II – Comparison of alkanes and alkenes 1. Reaction of the double bond Substance Hexane + dilute sulfuric acid + potassium permanganate Hexene + dilute sulfuric acid + potassium permanganate Observations When the fucsia potassium permanganate is added to the clear hexane and sulfuric acid, the whole solution turns fucsia, as one would expect. Since there is no color change (the fucsia just happens to be the predominant color) no reaction occurred. When the fucsia potassium permanganate is added to the clear hexane and sulfuric acid, initially the whole solution turns fucsia. However right after there is a color change and the solution goes from fucsia, to light pink, to clear again. We can tell from the color change that an addition reaction occurred. 1. Combustibility of hexane and hexene Substance Hexane Hexene Observations When the lighted splint is applied to the basin full of hexane, the whole surface of the alcohol catches fire (combusts) and a big flame forms, which lasts circa 5 minutes. As the fire blazes, some black smoke rises from it, and the walls of the evaporing basin become first light brown, and then progessively a darker shade of brown. This is the soot collecting on the basin. Therefore, a incomplete combustion occurred, in which the bi products of CO and carbon were released. Indeed, the soot is the amount of carbon produced by the combustion. When the lighted splint is applied to the basin full of hexene, the whole surface of the alcohol catches fire (combusts) and a big flame forms, which lasts circa as long as the hexane combustion. As the fire blazes, a lot of thick black smoke rises from it, and the walls of the evaporing basin become first brown, and then progessively a darker until they become almost black. This is the soot collecting on the basin. Therefore, a incomplete combustion occurred, in which the bi products of CO and carbon were released. Indeed, the soot is the amount of carbon produced by the combustion. Since the basin of the hexene was darker than that of the hexane, we can deduce that the combustion of hexene is more incomplete. Part III – Alcohols and Carboxylic acids 1. Oxidation of ethanol Substance Ethanol + potassium dichromate + dilute sulfuric acid Observations When first placed in the water bath the solution turns from orange-yellow to first a light green. The smell is quite alcoholic and strong, pungent. After 5 minutes, the solution has become a darker shade of green, an almost turquoise color. The smell is a bit like a medicine, still a bit pungent (less though) and quite sweet – like cough syrup. After other 5 minutes, the color is now an intense forest green, and the smell is very sugary sweet. 1. Making esters Substance Ethanol + ethanoic acid + concentrated sulfuric acid Observations When first placed in the water bath the solution turns from a warm yellow color to first a light blue-green. The smell is very strong, pungent and unpleasant. After 5 minutes, the solution has become a more intense and dark shade of blue-green. The smell is still acidic and tangy, but now quite sweet. It is not unpleasant anymore. After other 5 minutes, the color is now an a very dark green, almost black, and the smell is almost like lemon pie, tangy but sugary at the same time. It is a nice scent. Data Analysis Part I – Alkanes 1. Volatility of methane, hexane, and paraffin 1. Methane CH4 (g) 1. Hexane C6H14 (aq) 1. Paraffin wax C20H42 (s) 1. Solubility of hexane and paraffin in water 1. Hexane No reaction occurs: C6H14 (aq) + H2O(l) à ¯ C6H14 (aq) +H2O(l) 1. Paraffin wax No reaction occurs: C20H42 (s) + H2O(l) à ¯ C20H42 (s) +H2O(l) 1. Combustibility of methane, hexane, and paraffin wax 1. Methane CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) à ¯ CO2 (g) + 2 H2O(g) * 1. Hexane 2 C6H14 (aq) + 19 O2(g) à ¯ 14 H2O(g) + 12 CO2 (g) * 1. Paraffin wax No combustion reaction occurred – paraffin only changes state: C20H42 (s) + heat à ¯ C20H42 (l) Part II – Comparison of alkanes and alkenes 1. Reaction of the double bond 1. Hexane No addition reaction occurred Concentrated H2SO4(l) C6H14 (aq) + KMnO4 (aq) C6H14 (aq) + KMnO4 (aq) 1. Hexene Concentrated H2SO4(l) C6H12 (aq) + KMnO4 (aq) C3H6O2 (aq) + KMnO2 (aq) 1. Combustibility of hexane and hexene 1. Hexane 2 C6H14 (aq) + 19 O2(g) à ¯ 14 H2O(g) + 12 CO2 (g) * 1. Hexene C6H12 (aq) + 9 O2 (g) à ¯ 6 H2O(g) + 6 CO2 (g) * Part III – Alcohols and Carboxylic acids 1. Oxidation of ethanol reflux 3 CH3CH2OH(aq) + 2 K2Cr2O7 (aq) + 8 H2SO4 (aq) + heat 3 CHà ¢COOH(aq) + 2 Crà ¢(SOà ¢)à ¢(aq) + 2 Kà ¢SOà ¢(aq) + 11 Hà ¢O(g) 1. Making esters concentrated H2SO4 CH3CH2OH(aq) + CH3COOH(aq) CH3COOCH2CH3 (aq) + H2O(g) * These reactions are written as complete combustions, but in reality they were incomplete conbustions, as we can tell from the soot (carbon) left behind after the reaction. Therefore the products of these combustions would not only be CO2 and H2O (water vapour) but also the noious CO and Carbon (black smoke and soot). These equations thus do not represent fully the reaction which took place. Conclusion Part I – Alkanes 1. Volatility of methane, hexane, and paraffin The state of methane, hexane, and paraffin wax are gas, liquid, and solid at room STP, respectively. They are all alkanes, and therefore only have Van Der Waal intermolecular forces (they are non-polar, so do not have dipole dipole, and do not have any Hydrogen bonds as well), The stronger the intermolecular forces, the more energy (heat) it requires to break the bonds, the higher the MP. However, even though methane, hexane, and paraffin all have VDW forces, they have very different MP and BP, as seen from their physical state at room temperature. This is due to the difference in surface area of the three alkanes. Van Der Waal forces are stronger in molecules that have a larger surface area: indeed, paraffin wax, which can have a molecular formula of C20H42 to C40H82 which be a much longer chain than hexane (C6H14) which in turn will be longer than methane (CH4). Therefore, paraffin wax will have a higher MP than hexane, which will have a higher MP than methane. 1. Solubility of hexane and paraffin in water Since hexane did not mix with the water (there was a cler line of separation between the two substances) we can concude that hexane is not soluble in polar solutions, (water is the universal solvent for polar solutions). Therefore, hexane is non-polar, as its symmetrical structure (C6H14) would suggest (the dipole moments cancel out). Also paraffin wax did not mix with water. This is due to the fact that also paraffin wax is a alkane, and therefore will also be non polar, because of its symmetrical structure (eg: C20H42) with dipole moments which cancel out. Also, the fact that the wax was solid, and no heat was added to the solution, contrbuted probably to the insolubility of the wax in the water (even polar substances like sugar melt better when heat is applied). 1. Combustibility of methane, hexane, and paraffin wax Methane combusted when the lighted splint was applied. The flame extinguishes itself quickly, and the products CO2 and H2O are formed (water vapour). However, the combustion is not complete, because also some black smoke (Carbon and CO) are produced, since there is not enough oxygen and the carbons in the reactants are not combusted completely. Likewise, also the hexane combusts when the lighted splint is applied (a huge flame erupts). However, the hexane has a more incomplete combustion. We can tell from the substantial amount of soot (carbon) left on the evaporating basin, much greater than the thin black smoke generated from the combustion of methane. The paraffin wax, even though it is an alkane, is in its solid state and therefore does not combust. When the lighted splint is applied, the wax changes state from solid to liquid. Therefore, no reaction occurs, and the products of combustion are not formed (CO2 and H2O, and Carbon and CO). If a wollen wick were to be inserted, then combustion would occur. Part II – Comparison of alkanes and alkenes 1. Reaction of the double bond Hexane did not react with the potassium permanganate, since the color did not change. This because the alkanes are saturated (do not have any double bonds) and therefore cannot perform addition reactions. Hexene instead reacts with the potassium permanganate (KMnO4), aided by the concentrated H2SO4 to form C3H6O2 and KMnO2. We can tell see the reaction visually, for the potassium permanganate is fucsia, and therefore tinges the whole solution of a pink, but after the reaction occurs the solution becomes clear, since the products are different. This because it is an alkene, and therefore unsaturated, so other molecules can add into it to form different products. The carbon-carbon double bond is very reactive. However the alkene could not react with the potassium permanganate without the catalyst H2SO4 to facilitate the reaction. 1. Combustibility of hexane and hexene Hexane and hexene both combust when the lighted splint is applied. They both catch fire, and burn for circa 5 minutes. They both produce CO2 and H2O (water vapour is formed, and moisture is left behind after the fire extinguishes), and also Carbon and CO (black smoke rises from the flame, and soot is left behind on the basin. Therefore, there is not enough oxygen, and the hexane and hexene do not combust completely, generating these noxious, unwanted products. The main difference is that hexene has a more incomplete combustion than hexane, since it leaves behind much more dirt and soot, coloring the basin pitch black, while the hexane only leaves a bit of soot, coloring the basin of a lighter brown. Therefore, the combustion of hexene requires more oxygen than that of hexane, since the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere remains more or less constant. Part III – Alcohols and Carboxylic acids 1. Oxidation of ethanol The oxidation of ethanol is an oxidation of a primary alcohol. The reaction can occur because all the reaction conditions are present: heat, the oxidizing agent (K2Cr2O7 ) and the catalyst (H2SO4). Therefore, the alcohol (CH3CH2OH) first will form an aldehyde through distilling (low ratio of oxidizing agent to alcohol) but then through reflux it will form a carboxyllic acid (CHà ¢COOH). We can notice the reaction occurring by observing the changes in the test tube. Initially yellow-orange, the solution then turns green. Also, we notice a change in scent, from a pungent alcoholic scent, to a sweeter, more pleasant smell. 1. Making esters A reaction occurs when the ethanol and the ethanoic acid, aided by the catalyst H2SO4 and heat, form an ester CH3COOCH2CH3 and water. Also here, the reaction only occurs because the reaction conditions were present: heat and catalyst H2SO4. We can notice the reaction occurring by observing the changes in the test tube. The color changes from a warmer color, to a colder, blue-green color. Also, we notice a change in scent, from a pungent alcoholic scent, very unpleasant, to a fruity, sweet and tangy smell like lemon pie. Indeed, esters are used as artificial flavouring, replicsting the smell of fruits.